Tribal origination and development
 

To fine out more   Tribal Origination Academic researches on tribal origination and development  Narration of the Elders Hear about tribal origination and development from elders' stories Memorable Persons of the Tribe Based on 'Persons of Taitung' Literatures on Likavong Based on 'The Year on the Back Hill' by Lin, Yun-mei  Today's Tribe The landmarks of the tribes photographed in regular days      Tribal origination   ( Based on 'Aboriginal Culture in Taiwan - History of Puyuma' by Song, Long-sheng, 1998)  Time period Early-ancient time  The Stone Age, when hunting was the main source of production. Background      Sihasihau, the forefather of Katipol, established Kazakalan ( former Katipol Tribe) In the Stone Age, hunting was the main source of production. Collect tribute from Amei, Puyuma, and Hengchun natives on Taitung plain. The power and prosperity of Kazakalan is a result of its training camp, age class, and other political systems.  ( Song, Long-sheng ( 1998) 'Aboriginal Culture in Taiwan - History of Puyuma', p.50) Deducing origination year Deducing based on the relationship between Rikavong and Nriu. The history of Puyuma originates at the late early-ancient time, or a few decades before pre-early-ancient time, or 1600 A.C. in 17th century. As the most forceful and dominating tribe in Taitung, Kazakalan tribe of Katipol later allied with Puyuma to send a punitive expedition northward. ( Song, Long-sheng ( 1998) 'Aboriginal Culture in Taiwan - History of Puyuma', p.169)  Establishment of Likavong Legend 1>> When Banholian, the second son of Sihasihau' was sent to the North for tribute collection, he often brought his daughters Sinaihan and Moakai along. Sinaihan and Moakai later built the midway hut into a permanent residence. Legend 2>> Ancestors of Rikavong, Kasavakan, Katipol, and Amei tribes were stone-born, while ancestors of Puyuma were bamboo-born in the same place of origination. Ancestors of Amei tribe migrated to the North, ancestors of Puyuma migrated along the coast to Beinan, and ancestors of Rikavong, Kasavakan, Katipol migrated to Ka-hadawayan soon after. Three tribes were developed at that area. Rikavong migrants were three women: Moakai, Sinaihan, Sanguv. ( Song, Long-sheng ( 1998) 'Aboriginal Culture in Taiwan - History of Puyuma', pp.71-73) Key Geographical Locations The diversity of Rikavong origination is due to the significance of its geographical location. It is located at the midway of rift valley from Chihpen. And close to habitation of Tona and Kenbudu.  ( Song, Long-sheng ( 1998) 'Aboriginal Culture in Taiwan - History of Puyuma', p. 73) Blood relationship It has direct blood relationship with Katipol due to its origination from Katipol. It also has blood relationship with Tona because of its marriage relationship with Kairu Tona.  Stories about the name 'Rikavon' Legend 1>> Keitan grown by the natives has ripe leaves shaped like a hat, so it was called K-um-avokavon ( to form the shape of hat). The tribe was later named Rikavon. ( Song, Long-sheng ( 1998) 'Aboriginal Culture in Taiwan - History of Puyuma', p. 72) Legend 2>> The terrain of the tribal inhabitation, where was at the pinnacle of hill on the edge of Taitung plain, looks like at hat from far away, so it is called Rikavon. Evolution of the name Nickabon or Nicobon>> It was called Nickabon or Nicobon during local eastern Puyuma meeting during the Dutch colonization period. Rikavong, Rika>> Record on documents of Ching Dynasty. The natives claimed that the Hans preferred two-synonym words.  Rikavon>> Record on maps of Ching Dynasty. Lika>> It was changed to a Japanese style name during Japanese colonization. Lijia>> It was changed to Chinese style name after WWII. Likavong>> 'Lijia' in Puyuma language based on cultural literatures.

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